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The position of the French President in the context of the Fifth Republic
Kajtman, Jakub ; Perottino, Michel (advisor) ; Novák, Miroslav (referee)
The current French president has more possibilities to strengthen his position within the political system of the Fifth republic than his predecessors before the year 2000. This is the conclusion of this paper. At the turn of the millennium, French citizens have approved in a referendum the reduction of presidential term from seven to five years. In addition french prime minister initiated the change of the electoral calendar. Thanks to these reforms the probability that the system freezes in the period of cohabitation decreased significantly. In that context, this paper examines in what extend the role of the president became more important and how the last three french heads of state (Chirac, Sarkozy and Hollande) managed to behave within this new constitutional settlement. According to the results of this study, the president got wider possibilities especially in the field of practical execution of his mandate. It is because he can be more certain that the parliamentary majority will support him during his whole five year term. This means that the constitutional reform in 2000 (and next revisions in 2007 and 2008) made the political system clearer and it also stabilized the electoral calendar. Additionally, if an ambitious politician with the will of concentrating big amount of power only in his own...
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Union for the Mediterranean. From Sarkozy's Ambition to a European Reality
Valeš, Martin ; Šlosarčík, Ivo (advisor) ; Tomalová, Eliška (referee)
In this diploma thesis Union for the Mediterranean. From Sarkozy's ambition to European reality I follow an interesting case of one foreign policy. A presidential candidate Nicolas Sarkozy suggested within his pre-election campaign to set up Mediterranean with ambitious goals; when he became president he began to realize this initiative. I argue, that his motivation was not to primarily solve the regional issues or/and integrate the Mediterranean a little bit more, but through this activity to attract media attention. It corresponds to the theory of mediatization which states that politicians hold a permanent campaign; and to attract publicity they adapt to media as much as they can. Instead of following the political logic they follow media logic. Nicolas Sarkozy has usually done so in terms of national/domestic politics, however what I show is the fact that a foreign policy can also be lead by the permanent campaign - or to be more precise that politicians are trying to appeal on the national audience through the permanent campaign, and on public abroad through public diplomacy, it is practically the same thing. It can happen that politicians care more about the media and less about their own policies; this can be certain aspect observed on the case of the Mediterranean Union's project. It was one of the...
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Middle Eastern Conflict in the French Public Space (2000-2010)
Nekvapil, Václav ; Barša, Pavel (advisor) ; Perottino, Michel (referee) ; Maslowski, Nicolas (referee)
of Ph.D. thesis: Middle Eastern Conflict in the French Public Space (2000-2010) Václav Nekvapil, 2013 The main objective of the thesis is to analyse and typologise French social discourse on the Israeli-Palestinian conflict based on a reflection of certain opinions, interests, stances and values associated with today's Jewishness and Jewish diasporic identity. The research also contains an analysis of the official political-diplomatic discourse of both Presidents Jacques Chirac and Nicolas Sarkozy. Based on the methodology of typologisation and critical discourse analysis, we distinguish three basic positions related to the debate on the abovementioned topics in the years 2000- 2010: republican, anti-imperialist and neoconservative. The thesis elaborates on attitudes of presidents of the French Fifth Republic towards Israel and how their policies have been perceived by the Jewish community. The community as such is also a matter of the research: its changing religiosity, demography, immigration of Nord African Jewry and the attitude towards Zionism and the State of Israel. The thesis follows four main thematic axes when analysing arguments of the most important speakers. First, when analysing the duty of memory (devoir de mémoire), the author carefully examines moral argumentation concerning the...
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The role of the immigration issue in the presidential campaigns of Nicolas Sarkozy in 2007 and 2012
Poláková, Terezie ; Emler, David (advisor) ; Perottino, Michel (referee)
The purpose of my thesis is to analyse the role of the immigration issue in the presidential campaigns of Nicolas Sarkozy in 2007 and 2012. The thesis is divided into two parts. The first part illustrates the subject of this thesis in theory. It describes the development of the immigration question in France after the Second World War, and then addresses the rhetorical style of Sarkozy called "sarkozysme". The second part treats the outcomes of a Computer- assisted Text Analysis, a method described by sociologist Martin Hájek. The result of this process is a schema presenting the co-occurrence of the most frequent words in a text. In the second part, the schemas of the campaign of 2007 and 2012 are examined separately with regards to the role of the word "immigration". In the last chapter, the context and importance of "immigration" is compared. The aim of the thesis is to prove my initial hypothesis that the immigration issue had a negative connotation in the context of Sarkozy's speeches in 2007 and 2012, and that its importance had a growing tendency. The first claim was only partly proven as the immigration issue in 2007 had unexpectedly positive connotations whereas negative ones in 2012. The growth of its importance was proven and demonstrated. Keywords Sarkozy, immigration, presidential...
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A Comparison of Approaches to Leading Politicians's Privacy by Selected Czech and French Magazines
Stuchlíková, Zuzana ; Jirák, Jan (advisor) ; Štechová, Markéta (referee)
This thesis aims to compare, based on two case studies, the approaches of Czech and French weekly news magazines to the leading politician's privacy. For this purpose, magazines Le Point and Týden, from French and Czech environment respectively, were selected, according to various criterions. Opening part is mainly theoretical and deals with general terms as the publicizing of politician's privacy, its causes (such as the changes in media environment, personalization of politics etc.), development and consequences (such as a celebritization of politicians). Special attention was devoted to the development of privacy media coverage in both countries, legal conditions and attitude of Mirek Topolánek and Nicolas Sarkozy towards media. The analytical part follows the story of Topolánek in Týden, and of Sarkozy in Le Point, using the method of narrative analysis. The main focus is on four events, in both cases lined up the way it happened - divorce, new relationship, wedding and a birth of a child. General conclusion of this thesis is that even though there are some similar aspects in approaches in both countries, overall approach differed in style of presentation and the emphasis given to the question of leading politicians's privacy.
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The position of the French President in the context of the Fifth Republic
Kajtman, Jakub ; Perottino, Michel (advisor) ; Novák, Miroslav (referee)
The current French president has more possibilities to strengthen his position within the political system of the Fifth republic than his predecessors before the year 2000. This is the conclusion of this paper. At the turn of the millennium, French citizens have approved in a referendum the reduction of presidential term from seven to five years. In addition french prime minister initiated the change of the electoral calendar. Thanks to these reforms the probability that the system freezes in the period of cohabitation decreased significantly. In that context, this paper examines in what extend the role of the president became more important and how the last three french heads of state (Chirac, Sarkozy and Hollande) managed to behave within this new constitutional settlement. According to the results of this study, the president got wider possibilities especially in the field of practical execution of his mandate. It is because he can be more certain that the parliamentary majority will support him during his whole five year term. This means that the constitutional reform in 2000 (and next revisions in 2007 and 2008) made the political system clearer and it also stabilized the electoral calendar. Additionally, if an ambitious politician with the will of concentrating big amount of power only in his own...
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